indomethacin (IN-doe-METH-a-sin)

Indomethacin is used for:

Treating patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in certain premature infants.

Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is thought to work by blocking the action of a certain chemical in the body called prostaglandin.

Do NOT use indomethacin if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in indomethacin
• you have an untreated infection, active bleeding (especially in the brain, stomach, or intestinal bleeding), low blood platelets, blood clotting problems, certain severe bowel problems (eg, necrotizing enterocolitis), severe kidney problems, or certain types of congenital heart disease
• you are taking probenecid

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using indomethacin:

Some medical conditions may interact with indomethacin. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
• if you have allergies to medicines (eg, NSAIDs) foods, or other substances
• if you have stomach or intestinal lesions, ulcers, or bleeding; or blood or bleeding problems
• if you have congestive heart failure; kidney or liver problems; urinary problems; high blood pressure in the lungs; mouth sores; seizures; or low blood sodium levels
• if you have an infection

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with indomethacin. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), heparin, or salicylates (eg, aspirin) because the risk of bleeding may be increased
• Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (eg, captopril), angiotensin receptor blockers (eg, losartan), cyclosporine, or triamterene because the risk of kidney problems may be increased
• Fluoroquinolones (eg, ofloxacin) because the risk of seizures may be increased
• Cyclophosphamide or probenecid because they may increase the risk of indomethacin's side effects
• Aminoglycosides (eg, amikacin, gentamicin), digitalis, digoxin, lithium, or methotrexate because the risk of their side effects may be increased by indomethacin
• Beta-blockers (eg, metoprolol) or diuretics (eg, furosemide) because their effectiveness may be decreased by indomethacin

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if indomethacin may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use indomethacin:

Use indomethacin as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Indomethacin is usually given as an injection at a doctor's office, hospital, or clinic.
• If you miss a dose of indomethacin, contact the doctor right away.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about the proper use of indomethacin.

Important safety information:

• Indomethacin may reduce the number of clot-forming cells (platelets) in your blood. Avoid activities that may cause bruising or injury. Tell your doctor if you have unusual bruising or bleeding. Tell your doctor if you have dark, tarry, or bloody stools.
• Lab tests, including liver function, kidney function, lung function, blood counts, and blood electrolytes, may be performed while you use indomethacin. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.
• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Indomethacin is not approved for use in adults.

Possible side effects of indomethacin:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Redness, pain, or oozing at the injection site.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); blood in vomit, stool, or urine; dark, tarry stools; decreased urination; slow heartbeat; unusual bruising or bleeding; unusual weight gain.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

Gliclazide all band Name in Bangladesh

• Xido
  Delta, Bangladesh

• Sucleer
  RAK, Bangladesh

• Sinazid
  Ibn Sina, Bangladesh

• Oclazid
  Orion, Bangladesh
• Oclazid-MR
  Orion, Bangladesh

• Lozide
  ACI, Bangladesh

• Gored
  General Pharma, Bangladesh
• Gored-MR
  General Pharma, Bangladesh

• Glucozid
  Aristopharma, Bangladesh; Aristopharma, Myanmar; Medley, India

• Glucostat
  Bio-Pharma, Bangladesh

• Glizid-MR
  Opsonin, Bangladesh

• Glitab
  Hudson, Bangladesh

• Gliclid
  Acme, Bangladesh

• Gide
  Medicon, Bangladesh
• Glad
  Novartis, Bangladesh

• Ezide
  Edruc, Bangladesh

• Dimerol
  Drug International, Bangladesh
• Dimerol-MR
  Drug International, Bangladesh

• Diapro
  Beximco, Bangladesh; Beximco, Myanmar; Beximco Pharma, Singapore

• Diacon
  Apex, Bangladesh

• Delazide
  Doctor's Chemical Works, Bangladesh

• Consucon
  Incepta, Bangladesh
• Consucon-MR
  Incepta, Bangladesh

• Comprid
  Square, Bangladesh
• Comprid-XR
  Square, Bangladesh

• Admira
  Unimed & Unihealth, Bangladesh
• Admira-MR
  Unimed & Unihealth, Bangladesh

Gored

Gliclazide

Gliclazide is reported as an ingredient of Gored in the following countries:

• Bangladesh

Sudolor..... ( Loratadine & Pseudoephedrine )

Sudolor (Loratadine & Pseudoephedrine)

Therapeutic Group: Anti Histamine

Presentation

Sudolor 120: Each extended release tablet contains Loratadine USP 5 mg and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride USP 120 mg.

Sudolor 240: Each extended release tablet contains Loratadine USP 10 mg and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride USP 240 mg.

Descriptions

Sudolor tablet is a preparation of Loratadine and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride. Loratadine is a non-sedative histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-allergic properties. Loratadine is a long acting tricyclic anti-histamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonistic activity and no central sedative or anti-cholinergic effect. Pseudoephedrine is a stereoisomer of Ephedrine with similar but less potent pharmacological activity. It has nasal and bronchial decongestant activity.

Indications

Sudolor is indicated for the relief of symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Sudolor should be administered when both the anti-histaminic properties of Loratadine and the nasal decongestant activity of Pseudoephedrine are desired. Sudolor also temporarily relieves runny nose, sneezing, itchy watery eyes, nasal congestion, itching of nose or throat due to allergic rhinitis or other upper respiratory allergies, symptoms of common cold and sinus pressure associated with sinusitis.

Dosage & Administration

Adults and Children 12 years of age and over:
Sudolor 120: One tablet twice a day (every 12 hours).
Sudolor 240: One tablet once daily.
(Safety and effectiveness of this drug in children below the age of 12 years have not been established).

Side Effects

Loratadine - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride tablet is usually well tolerated. Clinical trials suggest a very low rate of adverse effects associated with its administration. Among the very few adverse effects, commonly reported are headache, nausea, dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth, somnolence, nervousness, fatigue, dyspepsia, anorexia, thirst etc. Serious adverse effects associated with the use of this drug are rare. Symptoms of central nervous system excitation may occur, including sleep disturbances and, rarely, hallucinations have been reported.

Precautions

Loratadine - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride tablets should be used with caution in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, increased intraocular pressure, hyperthyroidism, renal impairment, or prostatic hypertrophy. It should generally be avoided in patients with hepatic insufficiency. Patients with renal insufficiency (GFR <30 ml/min) should be given a lower initial dose (one Loratadine 5 mg - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride 120 mg tablet per day and one Loratadine 10 mg - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride 240 mg tablet every other day).

Contraindications

Loratadine - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride tablet is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to this medication or any of its ingredients. It is also contraindicated in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma or urinary retention, and in patients receiving monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor therapy or within fourteen (14) days of stopping such treatment. It is also contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, and in those who have shown hypersensitivity to its components, to adrenergic agents, or to other drugs of similar chemical structures.

Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: There was no evidence of animal teratogenicity in reproduction studies. Loratadine - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride tablets should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Lactation: It is not known if this combination product is excreted in human milk. However, caution should be exercised when Loratadine - Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride tablets are administered to a nursing woman.

Overdose

In the event of overdosage, general symptomatic and supportive measures should be instituted promptly and maintained for as long as necessary. Treatment of overdosage would reasonably consist of emesis (ipecac syrup), except in patients with impaired conciousness, followed by the administration of activated charcoal to absorb any remaining drug. If vomiting is unsuccessful, or contraindicated, gastric lavage should be performed with normal saline. Saline cathartics may also be of value for rapid dilution of bowel contents.

Commercial Packaging

Sudolor 120: Each box contains 5 blister strips of 10 extended release tablets.
Sudolor 240: Each box contains 5 blister strips of 10 extended release tablets.

Rupex (Rupatadine)

Rupex (Rupatadine)

Therapeutic Group: Anti Histamine

Presentation

Rupex tablet: Each tablet contains Rupatadine Fumarate INN equivalent to Rupatadine 10 mg.

Descriptions

Rupex is a preparation of Rupatadine. Rupatadine is a new selective histamine H1 receptor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist. Rupatadine has dual mechanism of action. It acts as a long-acting, non-sedative antagonist at histaminergic H1-receptor and also antagonizes the platelet-activating factor (PAF). This dual mechanism of action gives Rupatadine a major clinical efficacy.

Indications

Rupex is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of seasonal & perennial allergic rhinitis and idiopathic urticaria.

Dosage & Administration

Adults and adolescents (above 12 years): 10 mg (one tablet) once daily, with or without food.
Elderly (above 65 years): Rupatadine should be used with caution in elderly. No information is available that indicates the requirement of any dose adjustment for this group of patient.
Children: Use of Rupatadine is not recommended in patients less than 12 years of age.
Patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency: Use of Rupatadine is not recommended.

Side Effects

Rupatadine is a non-sedating antihistamine. However, as in other non-sedating second generation antihistamines, the most common side effects may be somnolence, headache and fatigue.

Contraindications

Rupatadine should not be administered in patients who show hypersensitivity to Rupatadine or any of the excipients.

Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: Pregnancy category B2. Available limited data showed no adverse effect of Rupatadine on pregnancy or the fetus/newborn child. Since data are not sufficient, pregnant women should use Rupatadine if the expected benefits outweigh the potential risk to the mother and child.
Lactation: No information is available, whether Rupatadine is excreted in the mother's milk. Therefore, it should be used during lactation if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risk to the mother and child.

Drug Interaction

Inhibitors of CYP3A4 may decrease the metabolism of Rupatadine. As in the case of other anti-histamines, the interactions with CNS depressants cannot be excluded.

Overdose

An accidental consumption of very high dose should be treated symptomatically together with the necessary supportive measures.

Commercial Packaging

Rupex Tablet: Each box contains 3 blister strips of 10 tablets.

Mebastin..... ( Mebhydrolin )

Mebastin (Mebhydrolin)

Therapeutic Group: Anti Histamine

Each tablet contains Mebhydrolin Napadisylate INN 76 mg equivalent to Mebhydrolin 50 mg.

Descriptions

Mebhydrolin diminishes or abolishes the main actions of histamine in the body by blocking of histamine receptors.

Indications

Allergic disease or symptoms such as urticaria, pruritus of various origin, eczema, itching, drug rash, insect bites, allergic conjunctivitis, dermatitis of nutritional origin, hay fever, vasomotor rhinitis, allergic asthma.

Dosage & Administration

Adults and children over 10 years: 2-6 tablets daily
Children 5-10 years: 2-4 tablets daily
Children 2-5 years: 1-3 tablets daily
Children upto 2 years: 1-2 tablets daily
Treatment should be given in several single doses daily. Mebhydrolin may be swallowed during or shortly after meals. For children, the tablet may be crushed and mixed with food.

Side Effects

Lassitude, dizziness, hypotension, muscular weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea or constipation, epigastric pain, headache, blurred vision, tinnitus, depression, nightmares, anorexia, dryness of the mouth, tightness of the chest, tingling, sedation, drowsiness etc. may occur.

Precautions

The substance may cause drowsiness, if affected, driving or operating machinery & alcoholic drinks should be avoided.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of Mebhydrolin tablet or to mebhydrolin
Prostatic hypertrophy, narrow-angle glaucoma
First trimester of pregnancy

Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Safety in pregnancy and lactation has not been established.

Commercial Packaging

Each box contains 10 blister strips of 10 tablets.

Fenofex (Fexofenadin)

Fenofex (Fexofenadin)

Therapeutic Group: Anti Histamine

Presentation

Fenofex 60: Each film-coated tablet contains Fexofenadine Hydrochloride USP 60 mg

Fenofex 120: Each film-coated tablet contains Fexofenadine Hydrochloride USP 120 mg

Fenofex 180: Each film-coated tablet contains Fexofenadine Hydrochloride USP 180 mg

Fenofex suspension: Each 5 ml suspension contains Fexofenadine Hydrochloride USP 30 mg

Descriptions

Fexofenadine is a second-generation, long lasting H1-receptor antagonist which has a selective and peripheral H1-antagonistic action. Fexofenadine blocks the H1-receptor and thus prevents activation of cells by histamine in the GI tract, large blood vessels and bronchial smooth muscle. This leads to relief of the allergic symptoms. Unlike most other antihistamines, Fexofenadine does not enter into the brain from the blood and therefore, does not cause drowsiness. Fexofenadine lacks the cardiotoxic potential, since it does not block the potassium channel involved in repolarization of cardiac cells.

Indications

It is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Dosage & Administration

Adults:
Allergic rhinitis: 120 mg once daily or 60 mg twice daily
Urticaria: 180 mg once daily

Children:
2-11 years: 30 mg (1 spoonful) or 5 ml twice daily
6 months-2 years: 15 mg (1/2 spoonful) or 2.5 ml twice daily

Side Effects

Fexofenadine is generally well tolerated. The most commonly reported adverse events are headache, drowsiness, nausea, and dizziness. The incidence of these events observed with Fexofenadine hydrochloride was similar to that observed with placebo.

Precautions

Studies in the elderly, patients with hepatic impairment and patients with cardiac disease exposed to Fexofenadine showed no statistically significant differences compared to healthy individuals. As with most new drugs there is only limited data in the elderly and renally or hepatically impaired patients. Fexofenadine hydrochloride should be administered with care in these special groups.

Contraindications

Fexofenadine is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine or any of its ingredients.

Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

In pregnancy
Pregnancy Category B. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Fexofenadine should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Lactation
It is not known if Fexofenadine is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Fexofenadine is administered to a nursing woman.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.

Storage

Store Fenofex at controlled room temperature 20-25 °C. Keep all medicines away from reach of children.

Commercial Packaging

Fenofex 60: Each box contains 3 blister strips of 10 tablets.
Fenofex 120: Each box contains 2 blister strips of 10 tablets.
Fenofex 180: Each box contains 2 blister strips of 10 tablets.
Fenofex suspension: Each bottle contains 50 ml suspension.